Assessment for learning can be a powerful tool for building advanced learner autonomy. Assessment can have significant effect on learning and on developing efficacy toward success. Building from a synthesis of research on learning, motivation, and assessment, a hierarchy of strategies reflecting pre-assessment and formative and summative assessment is presented. This assessment continuum moves students step-by-step toward greater independence. The presenters also provide perspectives on the changing roles and responsibilities for teacher and learner in the progression toward greater student autonomy. The continuum, and specific assessment strategies for developing each level of independence are shared.