A review of private contractor and carrier and intermediary sanctions, including pre-payment review, focused medical review, suspension of payment and referral for civil penalty and/or criminal fraud and abuse liability Mandatory and permissive exclusion under the Medicare program and termination under state Medicaid programs An update of Federal sanction authority under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ("HIPAA") of 1996, the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, The Affordable Care Act of 2010 and its most recent applications, including the "Responsible Corporate Officer Doctrine"