In this presentation, Drs. Goldstein and Naglieri begin with a historical overview of the conceptual underpinnings of Autism Spectrum Disorders. They discuss prominent theories, symptom profiles and impairments. They then present data from a large standardization sample of over 5,000 children comparing and contrasting the presence of autistic symptoms and behaviors in the general population with a large sample of children with autism. They then close with a discussion of the changing symptom profile as well as those impairments the data suggests should be primary intervention targets. This Presidential Strand session is a collaborative effort between NASP and Division 16 of the American Psychological Association (APA).